Syntacticon: Syntax rule engine (syntacticon)

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Syntax patterns

Lexeme selection

Syntax rules

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General syntax: NAME: COMMAND / CONDITION // FLAGS

NAME: is optional (but required if later sections have a colon).
COMMAND is required.
- Move NODE to specifier of NAME
  Either to the left specifier or where [Spec] appears.
  FLAGS implicitly include once.
- Move NODE to NAME
  The features in the source(s) move to the destination.
  Source and destination must be header-type nodes (no P, no ʹ).
- CopyFeature RULEBLOCK in NODE to RULEBLOCK in NAME
- DIR adjoin NODE to NAME
  DIR is either Left or Right.
- Spellout
  FLAGS include global and NODE.
- Apply RULEBLOCK to NAME
  The node must be a header-type node (no P, no ʹ).
- Feature MP in NODE add FEATURE
  MP can be a RULEBLOCK or the special values √ and 'label'.
  FEATURE can be an MPS or a root.
- Expect PATTERN
- Flatten
NODE
- Node name
- /regexp/ matching a set of node names
- {FEATURE,FEATURE}{FEATURE} list of MPS values or node labels
- RELATION
  One of the two NAMEs must be _, which becomes the source.
RELATION
- isSister(NAME, NAME)
- contains(UPPER_NAME, LOWER_NAME)
- ccommands(UPPER_NAME, LOWER_NAME)
- isSpecifier(LOWER_NAME, UPPER_NAME)
- containsFeature(NAME, PATTERN)
  The PATTERN is applied to the entire tree headed by NAME.
- isOccupied(NAME)
  True iff the node is a leaf node and it contains a feature or a root.
/ CONDITION is optional.
It is a list of RELATIONs (no spaces allowed), each of which must hold.
If a RELATION has "_" instead of a NAME, it refers to the source.
// FLAGS is optional; separate flags with white space or commas.
- echo ― Show the command in the "Errors and messages" section.
- once ― Only run the command once (for Move, Feature, CopyFeature)
- atEnd ― Move feature to the end of the existing features (for Move)
- global ― On Spellout, first collect the features in the whole tree as the MPS.
- NAME ― On Spellout, first collect all the features in the tree headed by the NODE with the given NAME.

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Morphophonological rules

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Sample rules show/hide

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IPA chart show/hide

Voiceless		Voiced
ʦ	Alveolar	ʣ
ʧ	Palato-alveolar	ʤ
ʨ	Alveolo-palatal	ʥ
ʈ͡ʂ	Retroflex	ɖ͡ʐ
t͡ɬ	Alveolar-lateral	d͡ɮ
t͡ɬ̠
p͡f	Bilabial-labiodental	b͡v
p͡ɸ	Bilabial-dental	b͡β
t̪͡θ	Dental	d̪͡ð
c͡ç	Palatal	ɉ͡ʝ
k͡x	Velar	g͡ɣ
q͡χ	Uvular	ɢ͡ʁ

Voiceless		Voiced
k͡p	Bilabial-velar plosive	g͡b
p͡t	Bilabial-alveolar plosive	b͡d

Segments and features Show/hide

Click on rows to see the features in common and not in common.

Segment	syllabic	consonantal	sonorant	continuant	delayed_release	approximant	tap	trill	nasal	voice	spread_gl	constr_gl	labial	round	labiodental	coronal	anterior	distributed	strident	lateral	dorsal	high	low	front	back	tense
a	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	-	-	0
b	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
b͡d	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
b͡v	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
b͡β	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
c	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ç	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
c͡ç	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
d	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
d̪͡ð	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
d͡ɮ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
e	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	+	-	+
f	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
g	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
g͡b	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
g͡ɣ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
h	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
i	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	+	-	+
j	-	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	+	-	+
k	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
k͡p	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
k͡x	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
l	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
m	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
n	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
o	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	+
p	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
p͡f	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
p͡t	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
p͡ɸ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
q	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
q͡χ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
r	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
s	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
t	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
t̪͡θ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
t͡ɬ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
t͡ɬ̠	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
u	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	+	+
v	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
w	-	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	+	+
x	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
y	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	+	-	+
z	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
æ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	+	-	0
ð	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ø	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	+	-	+
ħ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	-	+	0
ŋ	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
œ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	+	-	-
ɉ͡ʝ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ɑ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	-	+	0
ɒ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	-	+	0
ɓ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɔ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	-
ɕ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ɖ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɖ͡ʐ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɗ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɘ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	-	+
ə	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
ɛ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	+	-	-
ɞ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	-	-
ɟ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ɠ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
ɢ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
ɢ͡ʁ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
ɣ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
ɤ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	+
ɥ	-	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	+	-	+
ɦ	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɧ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	+	+	-	0	0	0
ɨ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	-	+
ɪ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	+	-	-
ɫ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	+	0
ɬ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɭ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɮ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɯ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	+	+
ɰ	-	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	0	0	+
ɱ	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɲ	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ɳ	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɴ	-	+	+	-	0	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
ɵ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	-	+
ɶ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	+	-	0
ɸ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɹ	-	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɺ	-	+	+	+	0	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	+	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɻ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɽ	-	+	+	+	0	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ɾ	-	+	+	+	0	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʀ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
ʁ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
ʂ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʃ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʄ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ʈ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʈ͡ʂ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʉ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	-	+
ʊ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	+	-
ʋ	-	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʌ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	-
ʍ	-	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	-	+	+
ʎ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	+	-	0
ʏ	+	-	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	+	-	+	-	-
ʐ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʑ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ʒ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʔ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʕ	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	+	-	+	0
ʙ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʛ	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0
ʝ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ʟ	-	+	+	+	0	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	+	+	+	-	0	0	0
ʣ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʤ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʥ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
ʦ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʧ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
ʨ	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	-	0
β	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
θ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	0
χ	-	+	-	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	-	+	-	-	-	+	0

Instructions

A full explanation of the Syntacticon's features is here.

Credits

Design and implementation: Raphael Finkel (University of Kentucky), Daniel Kaufman (Queens College, Endangered Language Alliance).
The IPA charts are based on these.
The table of segments and features is based on Bruce Hayes, 2009, Introductory Phonology, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN: 1405184116, ISBN13: 9781405184113.
The graphing tool for syntax patterns is by Miles Shang.

ʍ	Voiceless labial-velar fricative
w	Voiced labial-velar approximant
ɥ	Voiced labial-palatal approximant
ʜ	Voiceless epiglottal fricative
ʢ	Voiced epiglottal fricative
ʡ	Epiglottal plosive
ɕ	Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative
ʑ	Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative
ɺ	Alveolar lateral flap
ɧ	Simultaneous ʃ and x
ɫ	Simultaneous palatal and uvular

syllabic	+	–	any
consonantal	+	–	any
sonorant	+	–	any
continuant	+	–	any
delayed_release	+	–	any
approximant	+	–	any
tap	+	–	any
trill	+	–	any
nasal	+	–	any
voice	+	–	any
spread_gl	+	–	any
constr_gl	+	–	any
labial	+	–	any
round	+	–	any
labiodental	+	–	any
coronal	+	–	any
anterior	+	–	any
distributed	+	–	any
strident	+	–	any
lateral	+	–	any
dorsal	+	–	any
high	+	–	any
low	+	–	any
front	+	–	any
back	+	–	any
tense	+	–	any

Syntacticon: Syntax rule engine (syntacticon)

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Syntax patterns

Lexeme selection

Syntax rules

Morphophonological rules

Preamble show/hide

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Phonological rules

Secondary articulation rules

Syllabification rules

Mora assignment rules

Footing rules

Stress rules

Morphological rules

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IPA chart show/hide

Vowels

Consonants

Other Symbols

Affricates

Doubly-articulated stops

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	Front		Near-front			Central			Near-back			Back
Close	i	y					ɨ	ʉ				ɯ	u
Near-Close			ɪ	ʏ							ʊ
Close-mid		e		ø			ɘ		ɵ			ɤ	o
Mid								ə
Open-mid				ɛ		œ				ɞ		ʌ	ɔ
Near-Open					æ	ɶ
Open							a					ɑ	ɒ

	Bilabial		Labiodental		Dental		Alveolar		Post alveolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Pharyngeal		Glottal
Plosive	p	b					t	d			ʈ	ɖ	c	ɟ	k	g	q	ɢ			ʔ
Implosive		ɓ						ɗ						ʄ		ɠ		ʛ
Nasal		m		ɱ				n				ɳ		ɲ		ŋ		ɴ
Trill		ʙ						r										ʀ
Tap or Flap								ɾ				ɽ
Fricative	ɸ	β	f	v	θ	ð	s	z	ʃ	ʒ	ʂ	ʐ	ç	ʝ	x	ɣ	χ	ʁ	ħ	ʕ	h	ɦ
Lateral fricative							ɬ	ɮ
Approximant				ʋ				ɹ				ɻ		j		ɰ
Lateral approximant								l				ɭ		ʎ		ʟ

Syntacticon: Syntax rule engine (syntacticon)

Metadata show/hide

Syntax patterns

Lexeme selection

Syntax rules

Morphophonological rules

Preamble show/hide

Sample rules show/hide

Phonological rules

Secondary articulation rules

Syllabification rules

Mora assignment rules

Footing rules

Stress rules

Morphological rules

Library show/hide

IPA chart show/hide

Vowels

Consonants

Other Symbols

Affricates

Doubly-articulated stops

Segments and features Show/hide Clear selection

Instructions

Credits

Version 0.1 show/hide

Segments and features Show/hide